Aqueous extract of tamarindus indica bark exhibits anti-hypergylcaemic activity

Abstract

Normal cellular metabolism produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), which have various physiological functions. Oxidative stress causes cellular components to degrade, leading to diabetes and its complications. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic endocrine disorder causing blood glucose variations, affecting over 415 million people worldwide. Glucose control is crucial for maintaining pro-oxidant/antioxidant balance, and insulin secretagogues and sensitizers are used to control hyperglycaemia. Traditional medicine, including Tamarind, has been a foundation for centuries, with cultivation dating back to the first millennium BC.
Tamarind, an evergreen tree with pale yellow and pink blossoms, grows up to 24 meters tall and 7 meters in diameter. Found in Africa, Senegal, Ethiopia, Sudan, Mozambique, Madagascar, Thailand, Bangladesh, Indonesia, Mexico, and Costa Rica, it has industrial, commercial, and medical applications. Its fruit, tamarind, can be sweet or sour.
The Tamarindus indica tree, a moderate to big evergreen tree, can grow up to 24 meters tall and 7 meters in circumference. It is grown almost everywhere in the country except the Himalayas and arid western areas. Its compound leaves have 10-18 pairs of opposing leaflets, tiny hairs, and beautiful pale yellow or pinkish flowers on spikes.