Establishing a Standardized Professional Endurance Assessment Framework for U19 Male Basketball Athletes in Da Nang, Vietnam
Keywords:
Professional endurance, U19 basketball, VO2 max, Beep Test, Cosmed K4b2, assessment scale, sports trainingAbstract
This study presents the development and empirical validation of a multidimensional professional endurance (PE) assessment model tailored for U19 male basketball athletes in Da Nang, Vietnam. Twenty competitive players (17–18 years) completed five basketball specific field tests—20 m multi stage shuttle run (Beep Test), 4 × 28 m dribbling shuttle, 30 s continuous jump, 5 × 27 m dribblelayup sprints, and a five‑position jump‑shoot sequence—selected via Delphi consensus with 26 national experts (agreement ≥ 80%). Concurrently, direct physiological indices (VO2max, HR2ₐₓ, VO₂/HR ratio, and minute ventilation) were measured using a Cosmed K4b2 gas analyzer. Raw performance and physiological data were standardized through Z‑score transformation to construct a unified 1–10 C‑scale, subsequently stratified into six performance tiers from “Poor” to “Excellent.” Descriptive statistics characterized cohort norms; Wilcoxon signed‑rank tests profiled distributional properties; and Pearson correlation coefficients quantified concordance between indirect and direct VO₂max measures (α = 0.05).
Results indicated a mean composite C‑score of 5.3 ± 2.3 (out of 10), aligning with an “Average” endurance classification. Indirect VO₂max (Beep Test) averaged 47.9 ± 1.3 ml·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹, while direct measures yielded 48.2 ± 1.2 ml·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹—both falling short of the 52–56 ml·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹ elite threshold. Test reliability was high (coefficients of variation: 2.4–14.9%), and indirect–direct VO₂max concordance was robust (r = 0.98, p < 0.001).
Conclusion: The proposed C‑scale assessment framework demonstrates strong validity, reliability, and practical utility for profiling endurance capacities in youth basketball athletes. Coaches and sport scientists can employ this evidence‑based tool to inform individualized training interventions—particularly high‑intensity interval protocols—to bridge the gap toward elite aerobic performance standards.
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