A theoretical study on treatment methods using electrical stimulation, A review

Abstract

This article deals with a theoretical study of electrical stimulation therapy methods, which is one of the physical treatments used to treat pain and increase the strength of weak muscles. The treatment is carried out by connecting electrodes to the patient, which in turn deliver electrical pulses through nerve pathways at specific time intervals. The relationship between electrical stimulation methods and types of electric current was also clarified in this review, as stimulation methods were divided according to the type of current used, where direct current is used in the case of galvanism with high frequency and low current. Methods (Micro-current), H-wave, Faradic, Leduc, Trabert use pulse current with a frequency not exceeding 1000 Hz, methods such as transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), quadrupolar interference, bipolar interference, isothermal interference, neuromuscular, bipolar interference. The electrode is staggered, using diadynamic alternating current with a frequency between (3600 Hz - 10000 Hz) and the current value is between (50 mA - 140 mA).The most important effect or use of electrical stimulation is to reduce pain (analgesic effect), as well as the effect of bipolar interference and 4 electrodes on muscle dilation and spasm. Finally, there are many studies that show that there are no long-term side effects of electrical stimulation, only some temporary effects resulting from misuse of the electrodes of the stimulation device or resulting from the use of High currents.