Estimate the Hematological Characters in Patients With Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia in private laboratories

Abstract

Iron deficiency anemia is one of the major concern. The high rate incidence has
been related to insufficient iron intake, accompanied by chronic intestinal blood loss due to
parasitic and malarial infections. Iron deficiency anemia is the commonest type of anemia
throughout the world. It is defined as a clinical condition, characterized by reduction in
hemoglobin below the normal for the age, sex, physiological conditions and altitude above
sea level in a patient. It is a global problem, mainly affecting poor people, pregnant,
lactating females, growing children and elderly people. It has been reported to affect about
50-60% of young children and pregnant females as well as 20-30% of non-pregnant
females in the developing countries. This high rate has been related to insufficient iron
intake, high nutritional needs during childhood and pregnancy, poor bioavailability of iron,
and an accompanying chronic intestinal blood loss due to parasitic and malarial
infestations. The samples were collected from private laboratories .where 100 blood
samples were obtained and the studied tests were performed to detection of CBC and
ferritin levels.This study revealed that out of 100 anemic patients, 35% were that of AIHA.
The most affected age group was 21-40 years with frequency 42.55%. AIHA was more
common in females (42.85%) than in male (21.62%). Out of 100 anemic patients,
microcytic hypochromic anemia was predominant in 47% followed by macrocytic anemia
(31%) and then normocytic normochromic anemia (22%). Out of 47 microcytic
hypochromic anemic patients, 12 had normal serum ferritin. There was a statistical
significant difference in Hb (p=0.011), MCV (p=0.0001), MCH (p=0.0001), MCHC
(p=0.0001) and serum ferritin (p=0.0001) among all types of anemia. There was a
statistical significant positive correlation of ferritin with Hemoglobin (0.257, p=0.01),
MCV (0.772, p=0.0001), MCH(0.741, p=0.0001) and MCHC (0.494, p=0.0001).