Characterization and Evaluation of Anti-Diabetic, Anti-Inflammatory Activity, in Experimental Animals and Screening of Brassica rapa Components

Abstract

Volatiles are good leading pointers towards their antecedents and hence the quality of the item can be established. Low levels of aroma volatile synthesis in immature stages of the plant are suggestive of low precursor levels prevailing which are gradually controlled until the correct harvest time. A substantial number of the primary and secondary metabolites extracted from the leaves of Brassica rapa are fundamental in the improved human nutrition. Powder of Brassica rapa leaves was prepared from shade dried and pulverised leaves of different plantlets. One hundred grams of the powder was placed in soxhlet device ready for continuous hot percolation for approximately 8 hours using methanol with a volume of 350ml as a solvent. This was done under vacuum first to a semi-solid paste and then, dried further in desiccator to remove the residual solvent contents. The main phytochemicals identified in leaves were 3-tert-Butylphenylisothiocyanate, C₁₁H₁₃NS, Sinapinic acid-O-glucuronide isomer, C₁₇H₂₀O₁₁, Pentenyl-1,3-dioxan-5-ol, C₉H₁₆O₃, 9-Octadecenamide,                C₁₈H₃₅NO, Cyanidin 3-O-(6-O-malonyl-beta-D-glucoside, C24H23O14, 5-Methylhex-5-enenitrile, C₇H₁₁N, 1-Phenylethyl isothiocyanate, C₉H₉NS, 4-methylsulfinylbutyl glucosinolate, C₁₂H₂₃NO₁₀S₃, 5-Methylhex-5-enenitrile, C₇H₁₁N, Cyanidin 3-O-(6-O-malonyl-beta-D-glucoside, C₂₄H₂₃O₁₄+, 1-Phenylethyl isothiocyanate, C9H9NS, n-Hexadecane, C₁₆H₃₄, Glucoraphanin, C₁₂H₂₃NO₁₀S₃, Phytol, C₂₀H₄₀O, and 3,3'-Diindolylmethane, C₁₇H₁₄N₂. Impact of oral administration of Brassica rapa fractions on serum enzymes in rats: To ascertain the effect of oral administration of Brassica rapa extract on the serum enzymes SGPT, SGOT, and ALP, laboratory rats were used in in vitro experimental testing. Recorded 79.15± 1.66, 95.17± 2.90 and 35.92±0.87 respectively for Brassica rapa methanol extract, while 139.00±5.50, 154.81±6.20 and 41.93±1.05 were recorded respectively for using Di-(2- ethylhexyl) phthalate and 52.97± 1.20, 70.00± 1.62 and 19.00±0.03 were recorded to Control (vehicle)  (0.5 ml/kg Corn oil). According to the type of extract (Methanolic rude extract, Hexane fraction, Ethanol fraction, Water fraction and acarbose (Standard) recorded (93.02 ± 0.65, 38.01 ± 0.37, 55.91 ± 0.29, 69.88 ± 0.47 and 14.11 ± 0.05) respectively inhibitory potency against α-amylase. While recorded (67.44 ± 0.43, 46.07 ± 0.30, 35.02 ± 0.27, 27.00 ± 0.21, and 11.96 ± 0.06) respectively inhibitory potency against α- glucosidase activity.Brassica extract's diverse patterns of bioactive chemicals make it a potential natural anti-diabetic and source for a number of other medical uses. We assessed Brassica rapa leaves' anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and nutritional qualities. The study further reveals that this plant’s leaves contain ascorbic acid, phenolic compounds, carotenoids and flavonoids which are all beneficial to health. It should be noted that this plant's leaves provide unique phenolic compounds. When biological activities are taken into account, this could be quite relevant and merits more research. These plant components' unique chemical makeup greatly influences their anti-inflammatory qualities. Therefore, the food and pharmaceutical companies may consider the commercialisation of standardised aqueous extracts of leaves for use as antidiabetic.